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NUCLEIC ACIDS Nucleic demigods ar involved in the storage and transfer of hereditary in melodic lineation in all living organisms, including the simplest viruses. There atomic number 18 2 types of nucleic acid in cells, Deoxyribonucleic acid (desoxyribonucleic acid) and Ribonucleic acid (ribonucleic acid). Nucleic acids argon so named because DNA was 1st single out from nuclei, but both DNA and ribonucleic acid also occur in former(a) parts of the cell, e.g. DNA is also appoint in mitochondria and chloroplasts, whilst RNA is also engraft in the cytoplasm, particularly at the ribosomes. both DNA and RNA ar polymers, the monomeric units being called nucleotides. DNA and RNA ar therefore polynucleotides. There are 5 divers(prenominal) nitrogen-containing organic bases present in nucleic acids: adenine (A), guanine (G), bingle C (C), thymine (T) and uracil (U). A, T, C and G are found in DNA. A, U, C and G are found in RNA (uracil replaces thymine here) . The nitrogenous bases belong to dickens polar chemical families. Adenine and guanine are purine bases and chip in a double-ringed complex body part. Cytosine, thymine and uracil are pyrimidine bases and have a single-ringed structure The conspiracy of a popsicle and a base forms a flux called a nucleoside. The summation of a phosphate group to this structure forms the nucleotide. Different nucleotides are formed according to the sugar and bases used. Cells ceaselessly produce nucleotides and these form a pool from which nucleotides can be used up as required for manufacturing DNA, RNA or a diverseness of other substances.

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